Hr Project of Descon Rngineering Company

HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PRACTICES PREVAILING IN DESCON ENGINEERING COMPANY [pic] SUBMITED TO: Ghulam Hussain (LECTURER) SUBMITED BY: Muhammad Sami ciitswlfa09-MBA-017 Iram Sabirciitswlfa09-MBA-039 Shumaila Aslamciitswlfa09-MBA-051 COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, SAHIWAL. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, we are thankful to GOD WHO makes us capable to gain knowledge and after that we would like to say thanks to parents who brought us up and made us able to face challenges of this dynamic environment. We also thank to MR. Ghulam Hussain who guides us in developing this project. The main purpose of this project is to enhance our skills. The project was about Human Resource Practices at Descon Engineering Company. We went to the Head Office of Descon Engineering Company at Lahore meet with Irfan Usmani (HRD Executive) and Ammar Khan (HRD Assistant Executive). They have cooperated a lot with us. After that we become capable to present this project in front of you. EXECUTIVE SUMMERY Descon is the one of the leading company in project based business to business market in Pakistan. This summery is all about the Human Resource Department of Descon Engineering Company. We will discuss about the introduction of Descon in first chapter. The second chapter will tell us about the structure of HR Department in Descon. The third chapter shows planning and job analyzing steps in the department. The fourth chapter will help us to know about selection and recruitment of procedures. The fifth chapter is all about training and Development through implementation and Evaluation. Sixth chapter will creates a knowledge how Descon conduct its Performance Appraisal System. The second last chapter defines the compensation management. And the last chapter explains how this department handles the disputes and procurement procedures. DEDICATION: We dedicate this project to our Parents, sweet cousins and friends.

Ernest Hemmingway’s For Whom the Bell Tolls Essay

There is a lot of symbolism in the novel For Whom the Bell Tolls. Ernest Hemmingway characterizes the inner struggle that exists in men who engage in war. The motivations and passion begin to erode, leaving desperate men in a struggle about which they no longer feel strongly. As the novel progresses, the characters of Robert Jordan and Maria grow with the love they have for each other and the progression of their ideas about war. This growth carries them through the novel and eventually through very different paths. The character of Robert Jordan is brought to new depths of character when he meets Maria. Jordan liked to remain by himself, and he had no concern about dying on the battlefield. Additionally, the character Maria is at first a meek, traumatized victim of abuse in a prison camp. When Jordan and Maria meet, they change dramatically. Jordan’s love for Maria heals her from the wounds she suffered at the hands of men back in the prison. At the same time, Jordan comes to value his life more when he has new feelings evoked by his unity with Maria. Together they make plans to make a life with one another back in the United States, and that becomes the inspiration that carries Jordan through the war. Hemmingway’s genius for metaphorical depictions is further described by the a emotionless Robert Jordan, who has entered the war after leaving his professorship back in the United States. He takes up the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War, and his genius working with explosives earns him a higher position. At the start of his service in the war, he believes in the cause very strongly, but at the novel’s beginning, he has become worn down and disillusioned with the cause. The distinction between the Republican cause and the Fascist cause have blurred and he begins to wonder if both sides aren’t actually the same. His continued service in the war is almost robotic, he is no longer impassioned to the cause on either side. At the novel’s conclusion, Robert Jordan faces death, the denouement of his internal conflict being resolved as he finally is able to identify himself – not as a man of whose function lies only in his ruminations but rather, a man who acts on his instincts. He has been involved this war for too long despite becoming disillusioned long ago. He is tormented by the things he has done, but he ultimately realizes he needs to forget the past to refrain from making mistakes in the present. He focuses on his love for Maria and at the moment before his death, he is at peace and finally feels a connection with the world around him. The first metaphor was the snowstorm that occurred in May and hampered the progress of guerillas as they set out to detonate explosives on the bridge. The character Robert Jordan watches the snow whipping around him and describes the scene: â€Å"it was like the excitement of battle except it was clean† (Hemmingway, p186). He enjoys the fact that the snow and weather in general is beyond his control – unlike the war he is currently enduring. He is also glad that the hindrance of the snow can completely disable man’s technological innovations and stratagems for taking lives. The snowstorm is a foreshadowing element used in reference to the upcoming deaths of El Sordo and his band. It is the snow that leads the fascist soldiers on their trail and eventually leads to their demise, destroying any reinforcements for Jordan’s troops. The wildness of the snowstorm is mirrors the chaotic ending in which the soldiers run around aimlessly. Another metaphor in this novel is the bullfight. Bullfighting is referenced in the novel as a direct parallel to the senseless violence in war. The bull represents the powerful force and the matadors represent the bravery of men. In these fights, death may result but it is a minor risk for the ultimate reward of honor. Joaquin long dreamed of becoming a bullfighter, and when he tells this to his fellow guerillas, he suffers much ridicule for being too afraid to go through with his dream. This condemnation is indicative of the valor that men must have, putting their fears behind them and face death without flinching. Finito was described as cowardly – a matador who was terrified, but inside the ring, he had the courage of a â€Å"lion†, looking the bull in the face and confronting it (Hemmingway, p185). For Whom the Bell Tolls is a story about the hardships of war. As Robert continues through the war, he undergoes many changes and has his entire perception of the world changed through the lens of war’s devastation. At the end, a gentle peace takes hold of him as the character matures to his height of spiritual connectedness, and this is quickly followed by his death, the ultimate p

Memory Boy Essay

Memory Boy The book that I choose to read this 9 week period is called Memory by Will Weaver. The book is based on the lives of a family of 4 people; Miles, Sarah, and their two parents. Memory Boy starts out in the Mid West after a mountain range in Washington erupts and spews ash what seems billions of feet up, and over the entire United Sates like a blanket. The ash is so thick that people have to wear dust masks outside to avoid the risk of breathing it in. Miles and his family finally decide to leave the town that they live in to head northwest.Since the ash is so heavy they can’t drive a car because those are restricted, and people can only use them on certain days to avoid the problem of pollution. So Miles assembles a new vehicle that he calls the Princess. It is a mix between a bicycle and a boat that they must pilot by either peddling, or when there is enough wind they have a sail from a boat to put up. They decide to leave under the curtain of night to avoid being d etected by other people who would want to take their vehicle from them.As they make their way North they must face encounters with many obstacles such as road blocks, bandits, hunger, the government, nature, each other, and other hazards. In between telling us about they’re adventure north, Miles, who is the main character tells us the events leading up to their departure, starting with the day that the eruption happened. The novel starts out a peaceful journey by the family but they soon learn that their trip will not be easy and they must work together to survive.Miles is our main character and we watch all the events happen through his point of view. He would be a junior in high school if they still actually went to school. Miles is a smart individual who enjoys doing the job of a mechanic. He built the Princess by himself and is the only one who is about to fix and maintain it throughout the book. He takes a strong leadership role; even his parents look to him to solve th e solutions. When the volcano erupted he was only in the 9th grade.So every other chapter he will flashback to his 9th grade year to tell us a story about after the volcano erupted. He often compares his life now to that of his 9th grade year, and how he would have done things different. He used to be disrespectful and would often act out in school to seek attention. He will explain to us how some of the events he tells us about have changed him. Miles sister Sarah is a few years younger than he is. She is a dark and morbid girl; the type that is into vampire, dark music, and dark literature.But even though she seems tough on the outside, but she is actually just hiding how scared she has been throughout this entire ordeal. She secretly looks up to miles even though she would never say so to him. She doesn’t like her father very much because he was always away when she was a child. Miles’s father was a jazz musician in a band before the eruption. He was always on the r oad with his band, so he wasn’t around much when Miles and Sarah were growing up.Although he seems quite docile at the beginning of the book we soon learn that he is actually quite the leader, and when Miles gets overwhelmed his father is always there to take the lead for awhile. Miles’s mother was the main caretaker of the children so she was always around. At the beginning of the book she kept the family together as a unit, they referred to her as being. The children see their mother as being helpless most of the time. It isn’t until later in the book that she really blooms as a character, and becomes a very useful asset to the group.

Discussion 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Discussion 2 - Assignment Example Belgium was defending its sovereignty and neutrality in the war protected by their treaty with the Great Britain. This resulted in Belgium being attacked by Germany with the largest casualties being on Aorschot, Andenne, tamines, Leuven, Dinant and Liege regions. The documentary follows through the ruins of Leuven showing the aftermath of the war. The Germans brought down to ashes the town together with its university and the priceless manuscripts at the library. The only building that survived was the town hall and only because it was the German QG. The German army killed nearly 6000 Belgian civilians including women and children burnt more than 25000 homes and buildings. The documentary although based on the world seems to be passing judgment on Germany. The documentary is an excellent depiction the horror that was present in World War 1 and the untold accounts by the survivors. Chapter 3 in the book Hitler and Nazi Germany is about the growth and victory of Nazism between 1924 and 1934. The section follows the imprisonment of Hitler and his change of tact. Hitler had been imprisoned for treason after staging the â€Å"Beer Hall Putsch† in Munich, which failed. The Beer Hall putsch was a forceful takeover of the government in Bavaria. He wrote his book â€Å"My struggle† in prison which gave him a lot of publicity. While in prison Hitler realized that the only way to win public support was through a legal and constitutional means and started the process of reconstructing the Nazi (National Socialist German workers party) party. The chapter follows Hitler in prison and after his release, after release from prison Hitler formally refounded the party in February 1925 proclaiming it to be the fighter of Marxism. According to Hitler Germany’s economic depression was a result of the Treaty of Versailles, the Treaty that ended the world war 1, the treaty had burdened Germany with compensations that

A Deconstruction of an episode of Sex and the City Essay

A Deconstruction of an episode of Sex and the City - Essay Example In a sense Sex and the City deconstructs some of the supposed passions and seriousness surrounding this issues. It thus makes sense to add a further layer of deconstruction by analyzing an episode of the comedy through the deconstructive lense.In the episode called "Woulda Shoulda Coulda" the subject of accidental pregnancy (and subsequent wish to have an abortion) is juxtaposed against a couple who desperately want to get pregnant, but who cannot because the woman's body is attacking her partner's sperm.The context of this episode is the ongoing battle over abortion, together with the great advances in reproductive medicine in general, including the ability to discern precisely "why" a couple cannot get pregnant, together with the possibility of artificial implantation.Thus this analysis will consider a particular episode of Sex in the City within the context of its "discipline",but also see what this discipline has been able to "dissimulate" and/or "forbid". The method will involve entering into the mindset of the series, with its attempted sophisticated portrayal of the postmodern condition.This condition has been well described by Jean Baudrillard in his analysis of what he calls "the schizo". He argues that all individuals in postmodern societies, especially those who are attempting to thrive in a large city, may be characterized in the following manner: This is a complex idea, but one suited to this study. ... He is himself obscene, the obscene play of the world's obscenity . . . he can no longer produce himself as a mirror. He is now only pure screen,a switching center for all the networks of influence. (Baudrillard, 1983) This is a complex idea, but one suited to this study. The individual, within Baudrillard's vision, is no longer the solid, three-dimensional object that he/she once was, but rather now exists as a kind of node on a two dimensional surface. The forces of modern society flow through these "nodes" without the individual having much influence upon them. Within the episode being considered here the random forces of nature: whether a woman gets pregnant or not, together with the pressures and opportunities of modern medicine, produce a kind of dance of the characters as they attempt to deal with the situation. The terrible ironies of the situation faced by these people will be couched within the exigencies of comedy, but the true seriousness of the situation often shines through. Irony can only go so far. 4. Discussion The episode starts with a view of a busy New York and two fo the main characters running along the street, clearly late. The main character states in a voice-over. "In life, sometimes we find ourselves at a crossroads. In New York that crossroads tends to be busy and very loud." As the last words are being spoken she nearly gets run over by a taxi as she crosses the road without really looking. The fact that she is literally at a crossroads, and that it is very loud, and perhaps even very dangerous makes the beginning of the show apparently very clichd. But in reality it can be seen that the writers are in fact putting the whole classic

JUDGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

JUDGEMENT - Essay Example gusz, especially during Christmas, who has become increasingly isolated and distrustful of everyone, living without a phone and scared of being burgled2. In addition, there is no evidence that Mr Bogusz has been in contact with his Ukrainian family. There are several facts that give rise to donatios mortis causa. Vallee visited Mr Bogusz on the 6th of August 2003 and found him to be quite unwell with a â€Å"chesty† cough, although the two did not discuss any diagnosis. When they referenced the next Christmas period, Mr Bogusz said that it was not his expectation that he would live for much longer. In fact, he claimed that he may not live to see the next Christmas. According to Vallee, Mr Bogusz wanted the land to pass on to her after his death, giving her the keys and title deeds to his house3. However, over the course of the appeal case at the High Court, she corrected this to mean one key, which she did not retain. In addition, Mr Bogusz gave Vallee a plastic bag that contained his photo album and war medals. However, Mr Bogusz continued living in his house and property and Vallee had no access and did not visit him after that4. Thereafter, Mr Bogusz survived for at least another four months before dying on the 9th of December 2003 from bronchopneumonia. Initially, this was thought to create bona vacantia and intestacy. Ms Vallee intimated a claim to TSol who rejected her claim of a donatio mortis Causa5. The defendant involved heir hunters to trace a brother, as well as other relatives living in the Ukraine and, in 2009; Tsol accepted the brother’s entitlement. Ms Vallee instituted a claim in 2012 and circuit judges decided in her favour during the trial in Oxford County Court. This they did with little academic analysis, while they did not cross-examine Ms. Vallee. The case was appealed at the High Court Chancery Division to Judge Jonathan Gaunt QC, sitting as deputy judge. The case was again dismissed and the case was appealed at the Court of

Economic context of Banking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Economic context of Banking - Essay Example There has been revolutionary structural reformation after financial liberalization in 1990s. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) made its firm role as the administrative agency of supervision and banking. The structure of the banking sector has undergone a significant transformation wherein the public sector banks have been observed in losing their relative importance which resulted to have more domestic private banks and more foreign banks. Even if a number of measures have been taken by the government to ensure higher stability, competition and efficiency, there still exist some problems in with the banking system, for example profitability of public sector banks has not been increased, and foreign banks are not performing at their desired level and so on. The overall performance of the banking sector has improved over time, but desired level of performance has not been reached. Hence the paper also provides my opinions regarding some recommendations. Introduction In many countries gov ernment plays an important role in maintaining competition, efficiency and stability in the operation of banking system. However, it would be quite interesting to consider a particular country and examine to what extent government supports the banking system in enhancing competition, stability and efficiency. For this purpose, the banking system of India will be chosen in this paper as India has a very active and a very interesting banking sector where public, private and foreign banks have their own importance and operate simultaneously. This paper will first look at the banking system of India and the role that the Indian government does play in increasing competition, stability and efficiency in Indian banking sector. Thus it will go on analyzing the extent to which the governmental efforts have been able to enhance the performance of the banks. Finally, some recommendations would be forwarded on how to effectively increase competition, stability and efficiency of banking sector. Indian Banking sector and the role of government in increasing competition, stability and efficiency in Indian banking sector The Government of India when nationalizing all the popular Indian banks in 1969 sought that banking was "inspired by a larger social purpose" and should attend national importance and goals such as rapid development in agriculture, small scale industry and exports. Now a day a body of direct and indirect proof is there to show that credit markets in developing countries frequently fail to make credit where its social product might be the highest. (Agarwal, 2003) Nationalization of Indian banks has helped in meeting social needs of the country. Earlier, the banks only concentrated on lending their money to big industrial houses. But after nationalization, the banks extend their loans to small scale industrialists, peasants and other individuals also. Nationalization has also helped in expansion of banking network to the rural areas as well. Peasants and small scale industrialized are also getting loans at lower interest rates. All these have helped in the growth and development of relatively poor segment of the population. (Agarwal, 2003; Mohan, 2005) However, nationalization has put various regulations

Personal consumption journal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Personal consumption journal - Assignment Example I also use much carbon footprint and if I choose energy efficient appliances, walk, use bikes or take public transit where possible, use greener electricity that is electricity generated by wind/solar for a smaller rate surcharge it will reduce (Bishop, p 12). If I can obtain most of my food from local farmers markets, gardens, cooperatives and other local and fresh sources for all my food since they haven’t travelled long distances to reach me and therefore no loss of energy in transportation , choose food with less packaging to reduce waste, eat food chains going meat less for just a week and make a difference in consumer estimation since it contributes much to emission of green gas hence global warming it would reduce much my food footprint to a level lower than 9.57gha as compared to the country’s average which is 9.58 gha . My goods and services footprint is also higher than the country’s average and this is because I frequently replace belongings even if they are in good conditions, this can be reduced by replacing only when there’s need to, also I should select items labeled as recycled, natural/organic when buying new clothes and paper products and this would reduce the amount much, recycle my aluminum, glass and plastic, compost food waste for the garden. I think my foot print is too much as compared to an individual living in a less developed part of the world since am more exposed to factors leading to this .This changes the way I view my way of living and am so willing to change by adopting sustainable practices that reduce my footprint while building our economy. This I will also do by encouraging my friends and my community and to do the same. In one week I threw used one used newspaper paper, two glass soda bottles, one aluminum can, three plastic bottles, two plastic tins, three plastic bags, food scraps, leaves, animal manure and five old clothes. Am surprised I threw so much that could be composted and recycled! Throwing

Free Will Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Free Will - Essay Example He argues that though indeterminism and freewill are incompatible, human being’s ‘self-forming’ or libertarian actions are essentially the result of freewill. Therefore, they are morally responsible for their actions. Unlike Kane, Derek Pereboom argues that both determinism and libertarianism are incompatible with freewill. Indeed, he remains agnostic about the truth of determinism. But he argues that whether determinism is true or not, freewill is incompatible with it. So, human being should learn to live without freewill. Yet the incompatibility of freewill with determinism does not imply that man is free from moral responsibility. Since, according to him, an agent’s action is either the result of causal determinism (self-forming action) or the manipulation of some external power, in both cases, the agent will remain responsible for his action. It is because though freewill does not exist, man’s action (even though the agent is tricked, by some ext ernal power to perform that action) will seem to be caused by his freewill. In fact, Kane has an impulsive tendency to argue against â€Å"compatibilism† on the ground that man will never be able to learn whether his ‘will’ is determined by some other power or not. Therefore, the question about the compatibility of Freewill and determinism is absurd. Referring to Frazier’s perception of Skinner’s â€Å"Walden Two†, he says that â€Å"the deeper freedom of the will is an illusion in the first place. We do not have it anyway† (Kane 427). This assertion has two meanings simultaneously: first, it can be assumed that he attempts to says that man does not freewill, since it is an illusion. Secondly, it can be assumed that since the concept of freewill is an illusion, man is free to act according to what he calls his will. Kane calls this freedom of man to act on his own at some particular moment as ‘libertarianism’. Indeed, he believes in the agent’s mundane power

Historiography Paper on Rosa Parks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Historiography Paper on Rosa Parks - Essay Example These not only shook its entity but went ahead to completely paralyze the company by rendering it completely bankrupt. Rosa was a figure that compelled the tough-headed racist leaders and society that had never imagined such a wimp of events to ever surface. This not only broke the yoke of perceived notion of white infallibility and invincibility but brought to the global knowledge a possibility of impossibilities. To even turn tables more, Rosa never demanded to be accorded any leadership totality of the move she was virtually the flag bearer, but instead was formally endowed by nature that a status was more of a symbolic and formidable personality. She poised to elevate the invincible role and significance of a virtuous black woman. Such was an elevated dignity and demeanor. There comes a unison move to see to the strengthening move by Rosa and this comes from the sentiments shared by Mary H., Gloria B. & Dale G., (2006). Alongside Rosa’s figure are seen other equally strong black women whose significant roles played the racial shaping moment in American context. The formerly disregarded black minors in the vast world class society were now regarded as the footnotes of the historical timeline. For a long time, there had been segregation in America on the rise; this was such a racial imbalance that men defied basic legislations in broad day for no fear of victimization. Philip S.,( 2007). Rosa Parks and her protest for civil rights, Cherry tree Books. US. For instance, an incidence of the 1944 which involved a defilement of a lady aged twenty four. This is the story of Racy Taylor; a sharecropper and a mother. On her way home from her routine prayers, she encountered a group of white men;... An incidence of the 1944 which involved a defilement of a lady aged twenty-four. This is the story of Racy Taylor; a sharecropper and a mother. On her way home from her routine prayers, she encountered a group of white men; specifically seven in number, armed with weaponry such as shotguns and hand knives. The seven men intimidated the young Alabama lady and compelled her into their green Chevrolet. The next she underwent was such an ordeal unforgettable. You can imagine a gang of seven raping a lone-lady especially after her time of spiritual nourishment, then leaving her for dead. As a matter of fact, the word spreads round thereby compelling the president of the then existing area NAACP to act quickly. His move was to send the smartest of his investigators and team leader to Abbeville. This investigator emerges to be Rosa Parks. In the event that Rosa undertakes to start off the case, she yields such a move that sparks off a great revolution in the world. This gives the account of the never before stipulated history, and how the movement by the civil rights was such prompt and focused to opposing the mounting segregation and torture that black women were subjected to by white men. This was to intimidate the blacks on economic grounds, freedom movement and sexual violence per se. In a way to stress on this fact Terri De Gezelle.

MBA Interactive Project Essay Example for Free

MBA Interactive Project Essay Introduction Continuing the work and analysis begun in the first three SLPs, we again project ourselves back in time to the year 2012. I am in responsible for decisions on product development and pricing for the next four years for our line of tablets. I will show the score, financials and market data at the end of the four year period from my previous time discussions. Finally we can make a detailed discussion and analysis of the data using CVP analysis, and will explain why I recommend specific pricing and research and development (RD) costs for the next four year period. Discussion The Clipboard Tablet Company is currently making three different tablet models; the X5, X6 and X7. The X5 has been on the market for three years already and market research has determined that consumers are not very worried about performance for this older tablet. The middle tablet, the X6, has been on the market for two years and market research shows consumers are concerned about performance but not necessarily price. The final tablet, the X7, is the newest and has only been on the market for one year, and market research shows the consumer is interested in both performance and price. With this in mind, we can analyze how the products evolved when Mr. Shmoe was in charge. The following table depicts the price and RD percentage for each tablet over the preceding four years (since the last run) and whether or not the particular tablet production was discontinued or not. The graphs also depict the revenue generated and profit from the different tablets over the time period I was in charge of making the decisions instead of Mr. Shmoe. Review Overall the results of the third run of the tablet simulation had an end result which was approximately $142 million greater than the previous run, which was accomplished using CVP analysis. This change was due to two reasons. The first was the increased sales and revenue generated by the X6 tablet, ultimately reaching market saturation. The second reason was due to the dramatically increased sales of the X7. As the graphs display, the X6 accelerated greatly in terms of revenue and profit through 2013 and then began a steady and definite decline once reaching market saturation. Revenue and profit for the X7 were drastically different as compared to previous simulations, beginning to increase in 2014 and 2015,and setting the stage for sustained revenue and profits in the future time period. The X5 was relatively unchanged from previous simulations since I left the pricing alone due to the tablet having been on the market for several years already. Data Discussion It will also help to discuss in more detail what happened in the third simulation under my supervision while using the CVP model. For the X5, initial RD allocation of the $24 million available was only 5%, or $1.2 million, plus the $75 million in other fixed costs gave a total fixed cost of $76.2 million. The variable cost per unit for the X5 amounts to $150, and using a price of $300 per tablet, the breakeven point for the X5 is 508,000 units sold. A price of $300 per tablet yielded a profit of $119 million. Fixed costs for the X5 are extremely high and with the age of the X,5 little RD dollars were allocated in order to keep the total fixed costs down. Next up, the X6’s fixed costs were $48.3 million including the RD costs, while the variable cost of the X6 came out to $275 per tablet. The breakeven volume for the X6 priced at $375 per tablet comes out to 375,000 tablets. The idea here was to achieve market saturation as quickly as possible and reap the associated profit. Based on the life cycle of the X6, the price was increased by only five dollars per year and associated RD expenses were reduced only 5% in the latter years. Finally, the X7 has the exact same fixed cost as the X6 with the only difference being the dollars allocated for the RD, which for the second run of the simulation was $49.5 million. However, the variable costs for the X7 are extremely low at only $55 per tablet. The breakeven volume for the X7 at $120 per tablet comes out to just under 577,000 tablets. The strategy here was to have a much lower initial price in an attempt to capture market share and volume upfront which would ultimately reap large profits after the breakeven point. Formulating a revised strategy Considering all of this information, the revised strategy will be somewhat similar from the previous one in regards to the overall conceptual plan. My previous strategy focused on CVP analysis, while the newer revised strategy for the tablet simulation will attempt to tweak and optimize this strategy further. Due to the lower breakeven prices of each of the tablets, volume for each one can be increased immediately by a reduction in price. Therefore we will attempt this for the X6 and X7 tablets. CVP does not account for product lifecycle, however, which is why my strategy is to more or less leave the pricing the same for the X5 as the previous run. RD for the X5 will never increase above 1% since the consumers don’t care for this feature, while RD will be the highest for the X7, which is marketed as the primary benefit of this higher-performance tablet. Prices for the X6 and X7 will increase by $10/year while maintaining roughly a 40-60 RD split respectively, with the beginning price of the X7 starting $10 lower. This strategy should show higher profits after four years by keeping prices closer to their breakeven CVP pricing and varying slightly the RD costs based on changing market saturation. To sum up the strategy, it is to more or less leave the X5 and X6 fairly constant from my previous simulation but attempt to increase overall sales in the X7 market, thus creating more revenue and profit. The following table depicts the results of the updated strategy for the next four years. As you can see we left the initial pricing for the X6 the same, starting out with a price of $375. Conclusion In conclusion, we generated a revised strategy for the Clipboard Tablet Company based on a revised and optimized CVP analysis. By adjusting the pricing for the X7 slightly downward in order to increase sales and revenue/profit, we maximize the outcome. The goal is to continue reap the profits out of the X5, get maximum revenue off of the X6 by achieving market saturation and to dramatically increase sales of the X7 which is the future for our company. I look forward to putting this into practice. References Forio.com, 2012. â€Å"Introduction.† PDA Simulator. Retrieved 09 Jan 2013 from: http://forio.com/simulate/jelson/tablet-development-sim-1/simulation/#p=page1 Manoski, Paula, 2002. â€Å"The RD strategy/strategic process Part 1: a road map to RD effectiveness.† Allbusiness.com, Retrieved 09 Jan 2013from: http://www.allbusiness.com/sales/customer-service-product-knowledge/122484-1.html QuickMBA.com, 2010. â€Å"Product Lifecycle.† Retrieved 13Jan 2013 from: http://www.quickmba.com/marketing/product/lifecycle

Oedipus Research Paper Essay Example for Free

Oedipus Research Paper Essay Aristotle has long been recognized for his contributions to many areas of society, from math and science to literature. It is claimed that Aristotle was racist, sexist and homophobic and that these views colored the way he saw the world (Engle, 2008). From some of these views, the tragic hero emerges. There are several key components to a Oedipushaving a tragic hero. The first is that the main character (protagonist) must be of noble birth or a member of a royal family. In addition to being of noble lineage, the protagonist must suffer from a fatal or tragic flaw. This flaw is not necessary a morale flaw, but rather a flaw that occurs as a consequence of one’s choices or actions. A tragic hero will evolve the feelings of pity or fear and cause the reader and audience to identify with the main character. And, finally, the audience or reader must experience â€Å"Catharsis†. Catharsis is a feeling of relieve that the main character had his come-uppance and was brought down. It is not a feeling of depression or sadness over the fate of the nobleman. Kennedy (pages 856-858). To elaborate, the nobleman must be of high estate that gives him a place of dignity. The fall from this dignity makes the event seem more of a calamity in that it involves more than just the main character. A fall that affects an entire nation or people is often the result of a nobleman’s fall. The main character is certainly no superman; he is fallible and has a weakness of character that leads to his end. Kennedy (pages 856-858) According to Aristotle, the ideal tragic hero is defined as: â€Å"There remains then the man who occupies the mean between saintliness and depravity. He is not extra-ordinary in virtue and righteousness and yet does not fall into bad fortune because of evil and wickedness but because of some hamartia of a kind found in men of high reputation and good fortune such as Oedipus and Thyestes and famous men of similar families. † Adade-Yeboah, et al (2012). The next part of a tragic hero’s role is that of recognition or discovery. This part includes the revelation of some prior unknown fact or element to bring to light the true identity of the main character. The revelation may be due to the actions of the main character or due to those of a minor character. They may already be known by the reader or the audience, thus making some of the choices the character makes almost painfully ignorant. Often times, once the revelation has been made, it leads to a reversal. A reversal is simply an action that has the opposite effect from the one intended. This reversal may be due in part to the tragic or fatal flaw of the protagonist. Kennedy (pages 856-858) Finally, there is the fear and pity that is aroused in the audience and / or reader. Even though most may feel like the main character deserved the end results, there is still a sense of pity or sorrow that they must suffer and hurt so much. Now that we have looked at the common requirements for a tragic hero, we will look at King Oedipus as the tragic hero. King Oedipus was worshiped by the people of Thebes. They saw him as wise and came to him to seek help and counsel when their city was suffering. He has freed them from the tyranny of the Sphinx and they were forever grateful. He even recognized his own greatness by referring to himself as the one who was called great by all men and calling the people of the city children. Oedipus (Prologue, Line 8) Through birth and adoption both, Oedipus was a nobleman. He has been left out in the wilderness by his other due to a prophecy that his father would die by the son’s hand. He was then adopted by King Polybus of Corinth. Thus, he fulfilled the first requirement of the tragic hero – being of noble birth or royal bloodlines. The next aspect of a tragic hero is one with a fatal or tragic flaw. Oedipus wanted to seek the truth regarding the murder of King Laius, believing that the truth would purge the city of the horrible curse that it was under. We see the king as one of high moral integrity, but subject to the normal frailties of the human being (Adade-Yeboah, et al (2012). He is portrayed as being somewhat short tempered and often rash due to his desire to do the right thing. This perhaps is his tragic flaw – in his zeal to find the murdered, he makes rash statements about shunning the individual guilty of the murder, regardless of his standing in society (Oedipus). This brings us to the next aspect of the tragic hero – the revelation. Through seeking the advice of a prophet, it is revealed to King Oedipus that he is the murderer â€Å"You are the murdered of the king whose murderer you seek. Oedipus Initially, the king does believe that this is the case, but as he examines the evidence, it becomes clear that he is the guilty one. This revelation leads to the reversal in the king’s life. In one moment, he realizes that his wife is his mother, that his children are his brothers and sisters and that all is lost for him. Then enter pity for the king. Not only does Oedipus find out that he is adopted, he also discovered that he killed his father, and had married his mother. He was truly sorrowful for the shame and anguish that the people of his city would suffer I grieve for you, my children. Believe me, I know all that you desire of me, all that you suffer; and while you suffer, none suffers more than I. † Oedipus We feel even more pity for him when his wife and mother hangs herself and he puts his own eyes out â€Å"He was called my king, but now whose tale is more miserable? † Oedipus As Oedipus loses his throne, his thoughts are of those around him who he has hurt – the people of Thebes and his children (who are also his brothers and sisters). He leaves them in the care of their uncle Creon. Before leaving them, he tells them how sorry he is â€Å"For the unhappiness that must be yours: And for the bitter life that you must lead. Oedipus In conclusion, Oedipus has all of the criteria for a tragic hero. He is a nobleman, through choices and actions experienced a fall from greatness and his throne and aroused the pity of the reader and audience. Aristotle speaks of a tragic hero’s Harmatia or his tragic flaw being not one of moral roots, but rather one that is displayed through the choices and actions of the character. It is quite apparent that had Oedipus not killed his father, then the other events of marrying his mother, fathering his brothers and sisters, losing his site and his throne would not have come about. Although there is tragedy throughout this drama, one must applaud the nobleness and courage that Oedipus demonstrated by accepting responsibility for his actions and accepting the same consequences as he had previously deemed needed to purge the land of the curse. As a result of the fall of the king, the audience and reader is left with a feeling of relieve (catharsis) that the king gets what he deserves for killing his father. Although there is pity for all the heartache he has to endure, there is a sense of poetic justice that just because the â€Å"hero† was of noble birth, he was not spared punishment. References Adade-Yeboah, A. , Ahenkora, K. , Amankwah, A. S. (2012). The tragic hero of the classical period. English Language and Literature Studies, 2(3), 10-17. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/1045567248? accountid=12085 Engle, Eric (2008). Aristotle, Law and Justice: The Tragic Hero, Page 1. Kennedy, X. J. , Gioia, D. (2010). Critical Casebook Sophocles. Literature- An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama Writing (pp. 856-858). New York: Pearson.

Talent Management In Current Economic Conditions Management Essay

Talent Management In Current Economic Conditions Management Essay INTRODUCTION: The present global economy has not only created a complex but dynamic environment as well and the firms need to learn how to compete effectively and efficiently in order to achieve viable growth. (Briscoe et al, 2009 and Friedman, 2005).But one of the greatest obstacles for the success of an organization is due to shortage of workforces with needed enthusiasm and competencies. Even in the period of recession talent management practices have been put aside in order to cut cost. However it is at this time that the strategies of the company should be reassessed and practices of talent management should be encouraged. The organization needs to ensure, in order to have success, that they are having right people with the needed qualities at the right time and in right location. (U.S. Department of the Interior Office of Personnel Policy, 2001) In this essay I would be explaining the meaning of talent management, along with a history (in the appendix) and then I would be critically analyzing the importance of talent management in current economic conditions followed by a conclusion and the learning outcome. TALENT MANAGEMENT: There is no proper definition of talent management as each organization thinks differently. To some organization it is about managing the highly talented individuals having specialized skills which helps the organization to withstand the market and for the others it is about managing the talent i.e. all people have talent and it should be identified and then to train them as per the requirement of the organization. Most of the talent management decisions are done based on core competency of an organization and the skills required for the particular position. Thus talent management is basically a recruitment of people both internally as well as externally, developing them in line with the organizations current business goals, and then promoting and retaining those people for the future business goals. These all functional aspects are done by human resource department who work in line with the companys business goals. (Sundararajan, 2009) ROLE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT IN CURRENT ECONOMIC CONDITIONS: In the current economic downturn most of the organizations around the world have taken tough decisions in terms of managing their talent. Most of the companies has slashed jobs, reduced training and development budget on their staff and have put talent management programmers on hold or have cancelled. The HR professionals are put under pressure by the companies to cut cost. (Bersin, 2008) Even the demographics are considered to be an important for success of an organization and are also the main driver for talent management challenge. Nearly 70 million baby boomers are expected to stop working in U.S. in the next 15 years and only 40 million workforce are expected to retire in the similar period, thus creating a shortage of workers. (Adecco, 2008). All the above shows that how significant is talent management practices and the job which HR plays is a launch pad of talent mindset. But the companies, thinking of bright future prospects have taken a positive approach towards their business and also managing their talents in the  present economic downturn. The companies which have implemented well controlled talent management programs have not only helped the company to overcome short term business challenges but it has relocated the company to achieve long term success and growth. It also has helped the organizations to increase their profits by employing the right people at the right time. (Deloitte,2009). A recent survey conducted by Bersin Associates(2009) have shown that the organizations which have implemented talent management programs have achieved a 60% higher return as compared to the organization that have not implemented it. Thus the organizations have felt the importance of effective talent management processes and have focused more on retaining their highly skilled people and reviewing their systems to ensure that they have maximum return on inve stment. There is an important requirement of knowledge workers, in an organization, having precise skills which are developed through extensive learning and guidance. These workers have created an essential impact on the success of the company. (Jackson,Hitt and DeNisi, 2003). Most of the organizations require constant innovative products to satisfy the needs of the customer. These can be done only through the workforces of the company. This shows that how the talent management practice is crucial to success. Even most of the multinational organizations have felt the need of these workforces and for these they are moving to other countries to recruit and hire talent people. They always look out to enter into new markets as quickly as possible before their competitor does as this helps them to hire the best talent at best prices which helps the organization to remain competitive in this global environment.(Schuler Jackson, 2009) The talent management programs are vital for an organization as it brings a greater long term benefits as compared to short term benefits. Thus the organization needs to have a long term mindset which is crucial in period of economic instability as it brings benefits to the organization than cutting cost in the short term. SHORTCOMINGS OF TALENT MANAGEMENT: As per Cappelli, the large corporations especially in U.S. talent management practices have become dysfunctional leading to the failure of its practices. The main two reasons for its failures are firstly the surpluses of employees during downturn leading to layoffs and reshuffle and secondly the lack of adequate talent resulting in talent crisis. (Cappelli, 2008) The talent management practices in U.S. were done in two ways that were equally ineffective and fruitless. The most regular practice done by the U.S. companies is that they never did anything nor made any plans to combat the crisis of talent. Thus whenever they require a new talent or any employee leaves the job, they relied on outside hiring to fulfill the gap of talent which proved to be costly.(Cappelli,2008) The second approach which is commonly used among older companies is that they relied on multifaceted and authoritative models of 1950 for forecasting and succession planning. This legacy system proved to be a great success when the business was predictable. But in the present economic conditions, where the environment is unstable and unpredictable, it was very tough to have a long term succession planning.(Cappelli, 2008) The companies could not forecast of how many employees would be staying with them once the development program was completed. Thus whenever an important vacancy occurs, the candidate identified as a successor may not be able to meet the needs of the job because of the unstable environment. The company then searches for the talent from outside to fill the gap. This outcome resulted to have a negative impact. Firstly the candidate feels betrayed as the succession plan creates an implicit promise and secondly the investment made in developing these candidates is wasted.  (Cappelli,2008) As per Cappelli, the survey conducted shows that nearly two third of the American companies are not doing any sort of manpower planning nor predicting how many employees are required and the advice they got was to return to the traditional practices of 1950s and create a long term succession plans. For implementing these plans they need to ensure that some sort of planning are done or else the company may have to depend on outside hiring to fill those gaps. The problems related to outside hiring is that it led to the problem of retention of current workers as they feel demoralized and also the cost of hiring a new employee is also very high. (Cappelli, 2008) IMPACT OF ECONOMIC CRISIS ON TALENT MANAGEMENT: Whenever an economic crisis occurs, the first and foremost which the organization does is to make deep reductions in cost by eliminating jobs and also eliminating any cost related to recruitment and professional development. Even the learning and development budget gets reduced. This results in two different scenarios: firstly the people get promoted without having necessary talent, knowledge or exposure to execute the roles effectively and secondly the studies have shown that the employees greatly value the growth of their own talent and thus plummeting the training and budget cost. This results in reduced self-esteem and act as a de-motivator for the employee and it also leads the employee to leave their job.(Insight Research, 2009) Most of the organizations have downscale their business by removing the workforces mainly due to global economic and financial conditions. The research conducted in the area of talent management have reflected that the impact of loss was not felt initially but later on it did make the organization to realize their mistake, when they had no employee with the required knowledge and skills to either foresee or solve problems that occurred. (Collins Mellahi,2009) Finally whenever a crisis occurs the managers shouldnt forget about talent management practices. They should take time to vigilantly re-evaluate their talent management strategy and make sure that they are using their largest talent their staff- as effectively as possible.(Street,2008) CONCLUSION: The most novel way to manage the talent is to use the four values drawn from the operations of supply chain management .The two of them address the improbability in the demand side and the other two addresses the supply side. Make and Buy to Manage Risk: having too much of employees are expensive. So the best way to combat such problems is to develop less candidates than the future requirement and if there is shortfall of talent then it can be hired from outside. The organization must carefully review where to put their assets as some positions can be easily crammed by outside talent.(Cappelli,2008) Adapt to the uncertainty in Talent demand: the actual requirement of talent in future is uncertain and hence the company should employ the demand in shorter groups. Then these groups are selected in regular interval thus putting fewer burdens on the management and also the employees are given general common training to all, and then they are send them back to their jobs to specialize.(Cappelli,2008) Improve the return on investment in developing employees: In order to improve the ROI, the employees should be made to bear the cost of development which helps the employees to gain knowledge. It can also be that the employees may be asked to do work on certain projects on freely basis. And the most important part is to maintain the relationship with the former employees, so that when they return back to job they bring back your ROI in the form of skills.(Cappelli,2008) Preserve the Investment by balancing the Employee-employer relationship: the employees can leave the job if they find better prospects. The best way to retain these employees is to maintain a relationship by having him share the advancement decisions.(Cappelli,2008) BIBLIOGRAPHY: Brscoe, D., Schuler, R. and Claus,E.(2009), International Human Resource Management 3rd Edition, Routledge London.[ONLINE] Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6W5M-4XK321Y-1/2/814a88aaea2c415c71975e14a443484e?zone=raall. (Accessed on: Friedman, T.L., The World is Flat, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York. [Online]. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6W5M-4XK321Y-1/2/814a88aaea2c415c71975e14a443484e?zone=raall. (Accessed on: U.S. Department of the Interior Office of Personnel Policy(2001), Workforce Planning Instruction Manual, Available at: http://www.doi.gov/hrm/WFPImanual.pdf. (Accessed on: Sundararajan(2009), Emerging Trends of Talent Management and Challenges of HRM ,[ONLINE] Available at: http://www.articlesbase.com/human-resources-articles/emerging-trends-of-talent-management-and-challenges-of-hrm-957837.html.(Accessed on: Bersin,J. (2008), Talent Management: State of the Industry, Human Resource Executive [Online], Available at: http://www.hrexecutive.com/HRE/story.jsp?storyId=98598263query=talent%20management.. (Accessed on: Tarique, I. and Schuler, R.S. (2009), Global Talent Management: Literature Review, Integrative Framework and suggestions for further research, Science Direct, [ONLINE], Available at : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6W5M-4XK321Y-1/2/814a88aaea2c415c71975e14a443484e?zone=raall. (Accessed on: Adecco(2008), The next decades talent war, [ONLINE], Available at: http://www.dgfp.de/perdoc/document.php?id=81143. (Accessed on: Schuler, R.S., AND Jackson, S.E. (2009), The Global Talent Management Challenge: Drivers and HR actions for Attaining and Sustaining Global Competitive Advantage Science Direct, [ONLINE], Available at: http://www.dgfp.de/perdoc/document.php?id=81143. (Accessed on: Mellahi,K. and Collings, D.G.,(2009), The barriers to effective global talent management: The example of corporate elites in MNEs, Science Direct, [ONLINE], Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL_udi=B6W5M-4XJW048-2_user=8742368_coverDate=10/29/2009_rdoc=1_fmt=high_orig=search_sort=d_docanchor=view=c_searchStrId=1211489006_rerunOrigin=google_acct=C000009999_version=1_urlVersion=0_userid=8742368md5=4c47e726a2ba56294846ce945e8801ef. (Accessed on: Ready, D.A. and Conger, J.A. (2007), Make your company a talent factory, Harvard Business Review, [ONLINE], Available at : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL_udi=B6W5M-4XJW048-2_user=8742368_coverDate=10/29/2009_rdoc=1_fmt=high_orig=search_sort=d_docanchor=view=c_searchStrId=1211489006_rerunOrigin=google_acct=C000009999_version=1_urlVersion=0_userid=8742368md5=4c47e726a2ba56294846ce945e8801ef. (Accessed on: Deolitte(2009), Balancing talent strategies in difficult times, Available at : http://rss.hsyndicate.com/file/152003927.pdf. (Accessed on: Bersin Associates And Centre for Creative Leadership Industry Study(2009), High Impact Succession Management, Available at: http://www.centerforcreativeleadership.com/leadership/pdf/research/HighImpactSuccessionManagement.pdf. (Accessed on: Jackson, S.E., Hitt, M.A. and DeNisi, A. (2003), Managing knowledge for sustained competitive advantage, [ONLINE], Available at: http://www.dgfp.de/perdoc/document.php?id=81143. (Accessed on: Cappelli, P.(2008), Talent Management for the Twenty first century, Harvard Business Review,[ONLINE], Available at: Moodle of the University of Glasgow.(Accessed on: Insight Research(2009), Perspectives of talent management in challenging times, Available at: .http://www.accaglobal.com/documents/talent_management.pdf. ( Accessed on: Street, M.(2008), Talent management in a Recession , Available at: http://www.management-standards.org/client_files/Talent%20management%20in%20a%20recession.pdf. (Accessed on:

College Education Purpose Essay -- Education University Degree Essays

College Education Purpose Before World War II, attending college was a privilege, usually reserved for the upper class, but, in today’s society scholarships, grants, and loans are available to the average student which has made pursuing a college education a social norm. Norms are usually good, they help keep society run in an organized manner by sharing common rules and values. But, when pursuing a college education becomes a norm, it does more destruction than good. For a lot of students, a major reason for attending college is because their parents tell them it’s the thing to do to become successful in life. These eighteen year olds who had virtually no say in what they wanted to study in high school are now ask â€Å" what is your major?† or better yet â€Å"what do you want to do for the rest of your life?† This is a big question, and most have no idea what they want to do. So, in a state of confusion they instinctively choose to study in a field that will benefit them economically when they graduate. Is this what a higher education means, to go through college fixed on the money? Or, is there a deeper meaning to it all, if so how can it be obtained? These are the sort of questions that need to be asked when considering going to college. To get a sense of what an education was intended for we must look at the ancient Greek society. The philosophers like the Sophist, Socrates, and Plato were a major part of the Greek society and the rest of the world. Take the Sophist for example, these scholars who would, for a fee, travel to give public lectures on such subjects as math, grammar, rhetoric, ethics and science. For the citizens, lectures were not only an educational experience, it was also considered a form of ... ...s, so, basically it is up to us to make that change. Now, I’m not talking about a revolt, at least not in the traditional sense. I suggest jumping the track and exploring what is out there in the world before deciding what you want to do for the rest of your life. This is what I had to figure out for my self. When I was a freshman majoring in business, and I was miserable because I had no interest in the classes I was taking, so I dropped out. I spent the next two years traveling, and somewhere in those two years I realized that photography was what I wanted to pursue. The funny thing was since I was about six I’ve always wanted to be a photographer, but I didn’t realize it because I didn’t stop to really think about what I truly wanted to do. I realize that I’m not going to make the big bucks, which is OK because you can’t put a monetary value on happiness.

Free Essays - Hamlet as a Tragic Hero :: Shakespeare Hamlet

An Examination of Hamlet as a Tragic Hero Webster’s dictionary defines tragedy as, â€Å"a serious drama typically describing a conflict between the protagonist and a superior force (such as destiny) and having a sorrowful or disastrous conclusion that excites pity or terror.†Ã‚   A tragic hero, therefore, is the character who experiences such a conflict and suffers catastrophically as a result of his choices and related actions.   The character of Hamlet, therefore, is a clear representation of Shakespeare’s tragic hero.   As the play’s tragic hero, Hamlet exhibits a combination of good and bad traits.   A complex character, he displays a variety of characteristics throughout the play’s development.   When he is first introduced in Act I- Scene 2, one sees Hamlet as a sensitive young prince who is mourning the death of his father, the King.   In addition, his mother’s immediate marriage to his uncle has left him in even greater despair.  Ã‚   Mixed in with this immense sense of grief, are obvious feelings of anger and frustration.   The combination of these emotions leaves one feeling sympathetic to Hamlet; he becomes a very â€Å"human† character.   One sees from the very beginning that he is a very complex and conflicted man, and that his tragedy has already begun. Hamlet’s anger and grief- primarily stemming from his mother’s marriage to Claudius- brings him to thoughts of suicide, which only subside as a result of it being a mortal and religious sin.   The fact that he wants to take his own life demonstrates a weakness in his character; a sense of cowarness, his decision not to kill himself because of religious beliefs shows that this weakness is balanced with some sense of morality.   Such an obvious paradox is only one example of the inner conflict and turmoil that will eventually lead to Hamlet’s downfall.   In addition to this internal struggle, Hamlet feels it is his duty to dethrone Claudius and become the King of Denmark.   This revenge, he believes, would settle the score for his mother’s incestuous relationship and would reinstate his family’s honor.   These thoughts are solidified in Act I, Scene 5, when his father’s ghost appears and informs Hamlet that is was Claudius who murdered him, and that Claudius deprived him â€Å"of life, of crown, and queen† (line 75).   This information leads to Hamlet’s promise to kill Claudius, while not punishing his mother for their incestuous marriage.   His statement, â€Å"thy commandment all alone shall live within the book and volume of my brain† (lines 102-103), demonstrates his adamant decision to let nothing stand in the way of his promise for revenge.

The Struggles Of A Leader :: essays research papers

In 1965 Malcolm X, one of the greatest black leaders in America, published his autobiography with the help of Alex Haley, a former writer for the Washington Post. In this autobiography Malcolm tells of the many struggles he had to endure in his lifetime. Things such as hate crimes, drugs, and prison. The autobiography begins with an incident his mother (Louise Little) told him about that occurred while she was still pregnant with him. What happened was that a group of hooded Klan’s-men galloped to his parents house in search of his father (Reverend Earl Little). They circled around the house with their loaded rifles shouting threats and saying that â€Å"the good Christian white people† were not going to stand for his father’s â€Å"spreading trouble† among the â€Å"good† Negroes of Omaha with the â€Å"back to Africa† preachings of Marcus Garvey. They then circle ride around the house and smash in the windows with the butts of their guns. Malcolm was born shortly after on May 15, 1925. Then the book goes through his whole life from the time he was a mere boy to when he was an irresponsible teenager to the time when he was a civil rights leader as an adult. So in other words the book follows his life in chronological order. I find that t his made the book more enjoyable to read and easier to understand. This is because books in which they jump around in a person’s life it gets very confusing and then you don’t know what happened. So I feel this book was very well organized in that it helps you understand what’s going on by telling the events in order. I feel that the purpose of Malcolm X’s autobiography is to give people a vivid description of the life and times of the most controversial leader of the Civil Rights Movement in America, it also gives a ringside view of the events that occurred in and outside America.

Person-centred care Essay

1.1Describe person centred approaches. The term ‘person-centred care’ does exactly what it says – it essentially places the person at the heart of everything that the care worker and the care setting do. The individual’s needs and emotions are the focal point, and any difficulties are resolved in the interest of the person with dementia (rather than attempting to change the behaviour of the individual). It places the person at the centre of all – thinking, discussions, processes and procedures. The person- centred approach also sees the interactions between the person and different elements within their support systems as being of paramount importance, and therefore places emphasis on supporting the system that supports the person i.e. the family and friends, and other professionals. Person centred approach seeks to view the person with dementia as a whole and considers how the person is influenced by factors beyond the physical changes in their brain. 1.2 Explain why person-centred values must influence all aspects of social care work Person-centered values must influence all aspects of health and social care work. The Human Rights Act 1998 makes it a law that health and social care should be based on person-centered values. 1.3 Explain how person-centred values should influence all aspects of social care work If person-centered values become guidelines for health and social care practices. It will definitely help to provide anti-discriminatory practices and help to promote and support individual’s rights to equal opportunities, dignity, independence, choice and safety 2.1Explain how finding out the history, preferences, wishes and needs of an individual contributes to their care plan. Finding out the history, preferences, wishes and needs of a customer, when writing their care plan, ensures: Needs and wishes of the customers are met in their daily routine The Care worker has a factual reference point with which to encourage conversation with the customer Helps the Care worker to understand the customer and therefore have empathy which will result in a high level of care 2.2Describe ways to put person centred values into practice in a complex or sensitive situation. I have a customer who is blind; he lives in the house with his wife. He has 4 children, when we started their care, 3 of his children did not speak to him. The one daughter and their grand daughter took care of shopping (online) amongst other things. His wife went into hospital and the children blame him (never explaining to the care provider how or why this was the case) As the care worker for the customer I naturally have the gentleman’s needs first and foremost. Whilst I was on one of my visits to the customer (this day was usually to receive the online shop and put away amongst other things), I rang my manager as the delivery had not come and time was running out before I went to my next customer. I requested that they ring the family member and was informed that there would be no delivery as the customer had stated that he did not want any more deliveries. When I spoke with the customer he was not aware of this and asked me what he should do. I spoke with my office and asked if it was ok for me to do his shop as I knew what foods he liked, where he liked his shop to be done and also the fact that he trusted me to do this for him as I was his regular carer. The customer was happy for me to do this and I was able to calm him down talking about things that I knew were of interest to him. 2.3Evaluate the use of care plans in applying person centred values I believe that care plans are essential in applying person centred values as when dealing with a customer you must have a thorough medical history so you  can deal with their needs effectively and also deal with the medical services GP/Paramedics. A full history on the background of the customer is also important, knowing what work they have done, what are their hobbies and interests, family members that they may have and how they may help them in their lives, as it is a conversation point and shows that you are interested in the customer and their lives. Knowing your customer gives you an understanding and an empathy with them. 2.4Explain the importance of monitoring an individual’s changing needs or preferences. It is very important to monitor and record a customers changing needs or preferences as it will help to make the customer more comfortable and happy that their requests are being heard and acted upon. It is also important because it will let other carers about any changes and if the customer is acting unusual or saying things that do not seem quiet right the this may be due to the fact that they have a UTI or be unwell in some way. 3.1Describe factors that influence the capacity of an individual to express consent It is crucial for a care worker to be aware and take the matter carefully, because the capability to make decisions among individuals are different. It may look quiet simple o think that people with mental impairment, physical illness or people who have got language barriers, may have a lack of capabilities to express agreement. A care worker will understand how to work sensitively with customers individually and design goals to achieve a successful outcome. The mental capacity act states that every adult has the right to make their own decisions. It must be assumed that they have the capacity to do so, unless it has been proven otherwise. It also states people should be supported in making their own decisions. 3.2Explain how to establish consent for an activity or action. Consent for an activity or action must done in writing and signed by the  customer/family member or a person acting on the customers behalf. 3.3Explain what steps to take if consent cannot be readily established. Consent (permission) must be given before care can be given to a person. To even touch a person when forbidden, can be considered assault. If there is nobody available when an intoxicated, unconscious or impaired customer requires care, then consent is â€Å"implied,† as there is nobody to give that consent. It is assumed that consent would be given by family or that person, if they were able to communicate that. 4.1Explain the principles of active participation Active participation is a partnership between a customer and the care workers whom support them; it is designed around the customers, letting them choose to live their life as independently as possible 4.2Explain how the holistic needs of an individual can be addressed by active participation. Holistic means whole so by a customer being involved in active participation it will treat the customer as a whole. Active participation is will enhance the customers life both mentally and physically. They will benefit by being stimulated by the interaction of others and the activity. 4.3Explain how to work with an individual and others to agree how active participation will be implemented. Firstly you must determine the best way to communicate with the customer you must then determine what activity would be of interest to the customer Contact the relevant professional and arrange a meeting to see how they may actively participate in the activity. A taster session may be given to confirm that the customer is happy to continue. Once the customer is happy with the activity then arrangements for the activity can be confirmed. 4.4Explain how to promote the understanding and use of active participation. Discussion and encouragement with the customer Providing useful information and choice. Using friends and family to encourage Using appropriate activity Pier group encouragement Highlight the benefits of the different activities 5.1Describe different approaches to support an individual to make informed choices. How you support an individual to make informed choices depends predominantly on the customer’s abilities or inabilities. The main support you can give them is information so they can make an informed choice and once they have that information then they are able to make that decision. If a customer is unable to speak then you can give them visual options so they can show you what interest them and what they would like to do. You can also refer to the care plan for extra information on how to best support your customer with their choices. Some customers may have problems with the memory, therefore discussing their choices and writing them down so they have a reference point. 5.2Describe how to support an individual to question or challenge decisions concerning them that they are made by others. I believe that giving customers the information they need is vital. You can support them by :- Offering to attend any meeting they may have to offer moral support Finding out the information which they may need. Speaking on the customers behalf (if they are not able to speak) Making written notes for customers so they have the information they need in front of them. 5.3Explain the consequences of allowing the personal views of others to influence an individual’s choices If you allow the personal views of others to influence a customers choice then you may find that:- The customer will not have an interest the choices being made May become insular and feel undervalued as their opinion was not taken into consideration. It may spoil the relationship between the customer and carer. Explain the links between identity, self image and self esteem Just because someone is older/ill it does not mean that they cannot keep their own identity. When looking after a customer in their own home you are trying as a carer to help the person maintain as normal and unchanged life as possible. Helping them to remain as independent as possible. 6.1 Explain the links between identity, self image and self esteem The links between identity, self image and self esteem I believe are as follows:- Identity is knowing who you are and what you what identifies you as THE person you are – with that comes self image which again identifies you as THE person who dresses the way you do, wears your hair the way you do etc, with keeping that same identiy and same self image it contributes how you feel about yourself and/or your self esteem. If you are able to keep all of the above in place for a customer then it will benefit them greatly in their day to day life and in any recovery. 6.2Explain factors that contribute to the well-being of an individual Factors which contribute to the well-being of a customer may be as follows:- Familiar Surroundings – living in their own homes and surrounded by their possession People contact – daily contact with people especially family members and friends Good Care Plans – an indepth care plan can give the care worker the knowledge on how to look after the customer to a high standard 6.3 Explain the importance of supporting an individual in a way that promotes their sense of identity, self image and self esteem To enable a customer to live independently in their own home, giving them a sense of identity, self image and self esteem can I believe help in the physical recover of a customer. If they have dementia then it is vital that they keep the identity as familiarity is very important, to make them feel more at ease with what is a very confusing and sometimes upsetting time. 6.4Describe ways to contribute to an environment that promotes well-being In order to contribute in a positive way, you must firstly know what makes the individual tick Surround the customer with familiar possessions, environment and family and friends. Give the customers the information that they need to feel confident. Enable them to feel confident to question things that make them feel safer 7.1 Compare different uses of risk assessment in adult social care settings There are various uses for doing risk assessments in an adult social care setting Accident Prevention: – carrying out work directions to ensure the safety of the customer and others Prevention of injury to individuals:- Ensuring the correct handling of customers so injury does not happen Prevention of injury to workers and other professional individuals: – Again ensuring the correct handling of customers so the care worker or other professionals are not going to put themselves at risk of injury. Description of procedures or steps:- Ensuring that everything in the written to an exacting standard so other care workers will know the correct steps to ensure the safety of the customer and the care worker. To meet Legal requirements – Rightly so there are rules/regulations and guidelines put into place to protect the customers, care workers and other professionals. These are again done, to protect all concerned. 7.2Explain how risk-taking assessments relate to rights and responsibilities. There are guidelines to follow when doing a risk assessment which are put into place for reasons mainly relating to:- Legal requirement Prevention of danger and harm Clear guidance and instructions. All these are once again for the benefit of customers/care workers and other professionals. 7.3Explain how risk-taking relate to rights and responsibilities. We all need to take some risks in order to have as full a life as possible. Customers have the right to choose the risks they want to take but have the responsibility not to put others in danger. You have a responsibility to support their choices whilst keeping them as safe as possible. 7.4Explain why risk assessments need to be regularly revised Risk Assessments need to be regularly revisited as circumstances change i.e. condition of the customer and that of their surroundings. 7.5 Explain the importance of using agreed risk assessment processes to support choice Using agreed risk assessment processes to support choice are essential as this supports the safety and well being of the customer and that of the care worker and other professionals who come in contact with the customer and their property. It is essential to discuss the risk assessment with the customers as they are the people best placed to make a contribution.

American Beauty 2

American Beauty Jessica Jackson (Thompson) Interpersonal Communication Alfred Wilfong November 19th, 2011 I chose to watch the movie American Beauty. I have seen this movie previously, and enjoyed watching it again. An interpersonal conflict that I identified in the movie was between Kevin Spacey’s character Lester and his wife Carolyn, played by Annette Bening. In chapter nine of our text, Daniel Dana suggested four factors that must be present for a disagreement to be considered a conflict: two parties are interdependent, both parties blame the other, on or more of the parties are angry or emotionally upset, and the parties’ behaviors are affecting their relationship with each other and others. (Dana, 2011) Carolyn was very ambitious and Lester was having what one would call a mid-life crisis. They both had very poor communication skills. Given they were married they were interdependent, they blamed each other for any and all issues in their relationship, they were both angry, and their behaviors were not only affecting their relationship with one another, but their relationship with their teenage daughter, who seemed to loathe her parents. They both handled their conflict differently. Carolyn began to have an affair with a business rival. Lester, after black-mailing his boss, takes a job at a fast food joint, starts lifting weights, and obsesses over his daughter’s friend. As I stated earlier they did not communicate well with one another. At dinner if they weren’t yelling at each other they were speaking to each other at all. Outside of intense couples therapy they needed to work on empathizing with one another. Lester should have told his wife about being laid off, and they could have worked through that trial together. Carolyn should have never had an affair, and instead expressed her frustration with Lester and they could have worked through her frustrations, together. Their hostility and conflict was just growing in the movie. It never seemed to lessen. They had no positive feelings in their conflict as well. They usually responded to anger with anger or anger with silence. Lester, Carolyn, and their daughter need to communicate more effectively. They can do this by listening to one another needs, empathizing with one another, and responding effectively.

My ethnic identity Essay

Ethnicity is a way of defining, differentiating, and organizing around a shared awareness of the common ancestry of socially distinct groups of individuals, such as language, culture, religion, or nationality. It can shape community and identity, as well as can mobilize â€Å"like-minded† people into action for gaining social, political, and cultural interests. I am Mainland Indian. Since that is about a billion people, I have to add a lot more details. I would say that I am Western Indian. However, that is still not enough because it does not specify my personal identity. Ahmedabad is an important part of my identity because I was born in Ahmedabad. My parents and I can speak its local dialect. Simply put, my ethnicity is Western Indian and Gujarati. Also, I can speak English and Hindi and I am a Hindu. It is the first step that costs troublesome. As an Indian student first coming to New Jersey, USA for living my rest of the life, it was quite challenging to quickly adapt to my new life because of culture shock. To me, language barrier was a hard issue. As the language obstacle progressively became my hardship on a regular basis, I believed that in order to get over the language barrier, improving English while learning Spanish at high school should have been given top priority. After arriving in New Jersey, I lived at an apartment with my family, which was far from the downtown area. I did repeatedly miss my teachers, classmates, friends, and relatives in India. At that moment, the happiest time of day was to sit in front of my laptop, talking with my parents and friends through the Internet. Furthermore, the alien environment of New Jersey Institute of Technology campus was another major obstacle to me. As a freshman, I often got lost on campus, having difficulty finding the way to classrooms and accessing to a variety of facilities. Ethnicity is like a personal identity, referring to his or her own â€Å"sense of belonging to or identification with a group or tradition over time, based on commonalities with similar others. SANSKAR (Indian student association) did make me feel a strong sense of belonging by providing far more services to help all freshmen from India rapidly get used to the new life. I was so happy that I got to know many senior students who enjoyed sharing with me their experiences on how to overcome the setbacks they had ever encountered,  as well as on how to adjust to the new environment with the new students. From sharing their experiences, I learned how to well communicate with my peers and how to develop my interpersonal skills. I believed that these invaluable skills might help me greatly hinder dependence on my parents. My first month at NJIT went smoothly. With the help of those senior students, I gradually adapted to my new life by helping me improve English, overcome homesickness, and familiarize campus. Moreover, SANSKAR launched interesting activities in order to enrich each Indian student’s off-campus life. My friends and I did participate in some meaningful activities. Like SANSKAR, Jersey City Indian square (Little India) can be another home for me. I always spend my spare time going there with friends. As soon as I get there, I do have a strong sense of community. Although Jersey City Indian square is small, its physical landscape is perfectly in response to urban development and the growing success of the Indian community formation in New Jersey. These days, Jersey City Indian square, which is located at the center of many Indian social and cultural organizations, does perform a number of significant functions. Besides, the majority of Indian and foreign population in New Jersey enjoys going to Indian square to purchase some delicious food and some delicate souvenirs, gifts, accessories, or even handmade articles. In addition, Jersey City Indian square annually hosts the celebration of Indian festivals and also American festivals. I often go there for watching an Indian dance during the Indian New year, admiring lanterns and traditional Indian dances during the Mid-Autumn Festival, or getting green fortune cookies for St. Patrick’s Day. Since I am in a White-dominated society, as a member of minority group, I have to internalize the values of the dominant society. However, showing respect to life not only is a common ideology for everyone, but also is a rationale for minimizing and eradicating inequality, privilege, oppression, and marginalization.

“1984” by George Orwell Analysis Essay

When two claims contradict one another, it is futile and useless in attempting to analogize between the two. George Orwell, the author of the novel 1984, defines doublethink as â€Å"the power of holding two contradictory beliefs in one’s mind simultaneously, and accepting both of them.† It is the idea of genuinely accepting two conflicting ideas, which eliminates an individual’s capacity of being able to think or act freely. Dinh, the author of both the Patriot Act and the essay â€Å"How the USA Patriot Act Defends Democracy†, uses a modern day form of double think in an attempt to justify the Patriot Act, an act which unconstitutionally violates the individual’s right of privacy through the clandestine use of surveillance. Gelsey, the author of the essay â€Å"The FBI is Reading over Your Shoulder† illustrates the potential effect of the Library Records Provision of the Patriot Act, otherwise known as Section 215. Section 215 allows the go vernment to search and obtain the records of any individual without the individual’s consent or knowledge. Gelsey claims that â€Å"intimidating readers in such a manner is, in effect, controlling what we read and how we think†, thus it â€Å"circumvents the First Amendment by threatening readers rather than prohibiting what they read.† Gelsey compares this statement to Winston Smith, the protagonist of the novel 1984, whose capacity of free thought and self expression is impaired and damaged due to constant monitoring and surveillance. The two conflicting claims of both Dinh and Gelsey bring in to point the issue of protecting individual rights versus the right of the state to access an individual’s private information. Dinh claims that a balance of â€Å"ideals† and â€Å"techniques† is necessary and required for the rights of the individual to be protected. However, these â€Å"techniques† of surveillance and monitoring violate those â€Å"ideals†, which are the constitutional rights that protect an individual from state power. Dinh’s statement of combining â€Å"ideals† and â€Å"techniques† can be viewed as a modern day form of doublethink because Dinh attempts to justify the Patriot Act through the explanation of how the rights of an individual can only b e protected when those rights are unconstitutionally violated through the exposure of privacy. Doublethink, which is the simultaneous belief in two contradictory ideas  while being unaware of its compatibility, is a form of manipulation of the mind. In the novel 1984, the protagonist Winston Smith is constantly under monitor and surveillance, which has altered and mangled his mind. Thus he becomes incapable of being able to know which thoughts are truly his, and is no longer able to express himself of his own free will. The perpetual government surveillance in the novel forces Winston to secretly purchase a diary in which to write his own thoughts. However, the pressure of being under incessant monitoring has made Winston incapable of expressing his own thoughts, as he is only able to write the same phrase over and over. This creates a sense of paranoia that is also seen in Gelsey’s essay as she writes about the interminate surveillance and monitoring of innocent and unsuspecting individuals. Gelsey states that â€Å"the feeling of being monitored inhibits freedom of thought† as seen in Winston, and also in modern society today. However, Dinh, the writer of the Patriot Act, claims such fear and paranoia are absurd, and states that it is â€Å"historically and legally unfounded† to compare government surveillance to that of the surveillance used in 1984. In the novel, the Party, who are elites, uses doublethink as a massive campaign in order to psychologically manipulate the individuals of the society they live in. By using double think, the Party is able to deteriorate the individual’s capability of being able to think independently. They manipulate the individual into believing whatever they are told to believe. The official slogan of the Party, which is â€Å"war is peace, freedom is slavery, ignorance is strength† is the first example and introduction to a form of doublethink. The words of the slogan all contradict one another. Yet the party is successfully able to manipulate society, which allows them to force individuals into believing whatever is needed to believe, regardless of ho w illogical or contradictory the statement may be. By being manipulated and coerced into accepting the ambivalent and conflicting nature of doublethink, the independence and self determination of individuals begin to dwindle and diminish. In 1984, doublethink is seen once more as Winston Smith deletes disturbing yet true facts from the public records. He is then forced by the Party to believe the fabricated version of the truth. A modern day form of doublethink is used by Dinh, the author of the Patriot Act. Dinh expresses a modern day form of double think as he arfues that the Constitution, which protects individuals  from government power, must be violated by the government in order for the individual’s right to be protected. This unconstitutional claim contradicts itself, thus Dinh has incorporated a modern day form of double think in his essay. As the plot of 1984 progresses, it is clarified that newspeak must be present in order for doublethink to be effective. Newspeak is the official language of the society in 1984. The Party created Newspeak with the purpose of limiting a person’s thought and speech, thus eliminating any rebellious thought. This allows the Party to constantly monitor individuals and to further ensure that everyday thought and speech can be limited and manipulated. Newspeak is the method the Party members adopt in order to control and manipulate thinking through the alteration of language, while double think is the technique the Party members use to directly control individual thoughts. Doublethink also allows the Party, or in Dinh’s case, to hide its own wrongs from itself and society through the continual use of surveillance and propaganda. This proves to affect not only the individual’s thought and actions shown in 1984, but also that of the individual members of the Party. Doublethink proves to be an effective method of persuasion and manipulation not only in the novel 1984, but in modern society as well, as seen in the issue brought upon by the Patriot Act. When the individual’s right to privacy is tested by the government, it is justifiable for the principle and morality of the government to be tested by the individual. The Patriot Act, written by Dinh, claims to balance the â€Å"ideals† and â€Å"techniques† that are required for the protection of the individual’s rights granted by the Constitution. Section 215 of the Patriot Act grants the government the ability to obtain the records of any individual, such as library book records, providing that the government assures that it is trying to â€Å"protect against terrorism.† It is stated in the First Amendment that an individual has the right to read whatever book or material they desire to read. However, Section 215 of the Patriot Act violates the right of being able to freely choose what an individual wants to read. If the rights of one person are violated, then the rights of every individual of this country are violated. Therefore it is constituti onal and democratic for the right of every individual to be protected, not just a select few. In society today, the free communication between people is the  basis for free thinking. the freedom of thought is curtailed if there is no free communication, which results in restricted thinking. Gelsey writes that the â€Å"FBI is policing our minds by purporting to read them.† Although Dinh claims that the Patriot Act protects the rights of individuals, Gelsey believes that this section violates the most essential right granted by the Constitution, which is that â€Å"giving up privacy rights can’t guarantee physical safety, but it will almost certainly inhibit intellectual freedom.† She states that she does not want to give up liberty for security because it does not guarantee security. However, the pressure of being watched and monitored will take away the individual’s ability to properly think, as shown by Winston in the 1984. This is where Dinh disagrees. He states that such â€Å"concerns expressed about official surveillance of US citizens are reasonable and should be addressed.† He then attempts to explain how the Patriot Act does not violate individual rights by stating that the society should â€Å"trust us. The government wouldn’t abuse these new powers against individuals.† However, it is difficult to trust Dinh’s claim based on his lack of credibility. From the beginning of his essay â€Å"How the USA Patriot Act Defends Democracy†, contradictory statements are already evident. Although he wrote the Patriot Act, Dinh thinks that the Patriot Act is â€Å"one of the most important legislative measures in American history.† If Dinh â€Å"thinks† that the Patriot Act is only â€Å"one of the most legislative measures†, it shows that Dinh himself is not sure whether or not it is important at all. He also states that the terrorists are nihilistic, which is untrue. Terrorists are religious fanatics and true believers in religious or personal causes. All these inaccurate and false statements demonstrates Dinh’s lack of credential. Therefore the readers have valid reason of not accepting Dinh’s claims. As a result, Dinh attempts to use a modern day form of doublethink in an attempt to justify his claims in order to persuade the reader. Chaos and discord is inevitable without a certain amount of balance. In the concluding paragraph of Dinh’s essay, Dinh attempts to clarify the relationship of ideals and techniques. Dinh states that the â€Å"foundation of liberty is under attack†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Although he persuasively attempts to articulate this claim, the â€Å"foundation of liberty† is in fact not in jeopardy. The  foundation of liberty is the Constitution, which states the rights of citizens in this democratic nation. These rights include the Bill of Rights, which are the amendments of the Constitution. Dinh alerts the readers that terrorists are attempting to attack the foundation of liberty, the Constitution. However, terrorists do not prioritize in the undertaking of missions to eliminate the rights of U.S. citizens. Terrorists attempt to define their reason of terrorism by attacking capitalism. Capitalism and democracy are not similar systems. Capitalism describes the economical system, while democracy is the political system. Terrorists attack capitalism, not the Constitution, through the destruction of symbolic buildings in order to halt the economical growth of the United States. Further in the paragraph, Dinh exclaims that it is â€Å"critical that we both reaffirm the ideals of our constitutional democracy.† Dinh defines â€Å"ideals† as the rights given to each individual that protects from government power. The â€Å"constitutional democracy† he also writes about is not the fantasy of economic opportunity, but it is Constitution and the Bill of Rights. Dinh also states that it is important to â€Å"discern the techniques necessary to secure those ideals against the threat of terrorism.† Dinh believes that the Patriot Act is the necessary â€Å"technique† that can extend the powers of government by going beyond what the law permits. These â€Å"techniques† violates the Constitution through the surveillance of individuals by the order of the state. By declaring that these â€Å"techniques† are necessary in order to secure the â€Å"ideals† against the threat of terrorism, Dinh is acknowledging the fact that the Constitution must be violated in order for it to be protected from terrorism. However, it is was already mentioned that the terrorists do not pursue the Constitution, but rather the economic growth of the U.S. Dinh indicates that the government must violate the rights which protect individuals from state power in order to protect those rights. This is an evident use of modern double think, which is the â€Å"the power of holding two contradictory beliefs in one’s mind simultaneously, and accepting both of them† Dinh continues by quoting a renowned law professor who knows nothing about the terrorists that Dinh is warning the readers about. The quote â€Å"ideals without techniques are a mess. But technique without ideals is a menace† does not relate to Dinh’s Patriot Act. Dinh simply uses Llewellyn’s quote without even explaining the intended meaning of it. Dinh attempts to  relate the Patriot act with the â€Å"ideals† and â€Å"techniques†, but it is evident that the two cannot be compared in any aspect. There is only the reiteration and repetition of the words â€Å"ideals† and â€Å"techniques†, which does not clearly explain the meaning or purpose of Dinh’s use of those words. Dinh merely states that the combining of ideals and techniques will shield democracy, and then uses double think in order to justify how the Patriot Act violates the Constitution and individual rights. It is evident that Dinh’s statement can be viewed as a modern day form of double think because it attempts to combine the contradictory claims that an individual’s rights can only be protected through the violation of those rights. Gelsey claims that the governmental â€Å"techniques†, which involve surveillance and obtaining unwarranted records, directly violate the â€Å"ideals† and rights that Dinh claims to protect. The capacity of being able to think and act freely are prohibited, if not restricted, hen people are aware that they are under constant surveillance, Innocent individuals being monitored would not be able to act freely because they would not know what actions are capable of being considered suspicious. Gelsey connects her statement to 1984 and its protagonist Winston Smith, whose capability to act and think freely was tampered with due to the strain of being under constant surveillance. Yet Dinh argues against such claims by stating that â€Å"During these times, when the foundation of liberty is under attack, we must reaffirm the ideals of our constitutional democracy and also discern the techniques necessary to secure those ideals against the threat of terrorism.† Beneath all of the fanciful dictation and reiteration of words, the readers discover that such â€Å"techniques† only violate those â€Å"ideals.† The violation of privacy rights can only be regarded as a direct violation to the Constitution, not as a â€Å"shield† to those â€Å"ideals.† As Dinh discards the comparison of the Patriot Act with Orwell’s illustration of the state’s potential to invade individual rights, the readers discard Dinh’s credentials as well, due to the inaccurate and inconclusive use of the â€Å"techniques† and â€Å"ideals† he regards as necessary in the fight against â€Å"terrorism.† Citing Sources Gelsey, Zara. â€Å"The FBI is Looking Over Your Shoulder.† The Brief Bedford Reader. Ed. X. J. K. Kennedy, Dorothy M. Kennedy, and Jane E. Aaron. 9th. Ed. Boston: Bedford, 2006. 473- 478 Dinh, Viet. â€Å"How the U.S. Patriot Act Defends Democracy.† The Brief Bedford Reader. Ed. X. J. K. Kennedy, Dorothy M. Kennedy, and Jane E. Aaron. 9th. Ed. Boston: Bedford, 2006. 479- 485 Orwell, George. _1984_. Afterword by Erich Fromm. New York: Signet, 1992